![]() ![]() Like several other major ideas from psychology, mindset research, which began in the 1980s, has been reexamined in the current rigorous era of social science. After the success of Dweck’s book, schools around the world began to teach mindsets as a learning technique, and companies sprang up selling mindset materials to teachers and parents. But it has been especially influential in education as a way to help students, low achievers in particular, reach their full potential. The mindset approach has been applied in stress and mental health research, in conflict resolution and in corporate boardrooms. Dweck’s TED talk has nearly 10 million views. The idea quickly caught the public imagination, and the book became a best seller. Dweck cited exemplars of growth mindsets, including Michael Jordan, Charles Darwin, photographer Cindy Sherman and Lou Gerstner, who rescued IBM. They see challenge as an avenue to improvement and are better prepared to learn. ![]() By contrast, those with a “growth mindset” believe their intelligence or personality is malleable. They are more likely to focus on performing well on familiar tasks, to shy away from challenge and to be less resilient in the face of failure. ![]() “Changing people’s beliefs-even the simplest beliefs-can have profound effects.” She then argued that people who possess “fixed mindsets” believe their intelligence or personality cannot change. “They strongly affect what we want and whether we succeed in getting it,” she wrote. In her 2006 book Mindset, psychologist Carol Dweck of Stanford University identified the power of beliefs. ![]()
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